Gender archaeology seeks to understand the influence of gender on the social, economic, political and cultural practices of ancient societies, as well as their power dynamics. Integrating gender into archaeological studies is a vital approach for more accurately reconstructing past societies and their developments. This book introduces the field to a broader audience of students and scholars, explaining the different concepts employed in gender archaeology and its links with other branches of social archaeology in a clear, accessible manner. It explores the history of gender archaeology, which emerged over 40 years ago, and its contributions, using various case studies to illustrate its development. Focusing on two key areas of gender archaeology research, the book highlights the importance of considering gender to avoid biased interpretations and sheds light on the fight against discrimination within the profession.