This chapter begins by reviewing general trends in fungicide use in North America. It discusses fungicide groups used in North America, factors affecting resistance patterns and how this has affected patterns of resistance across North America, with a particular focus on the situation in Canada. To illustrate the challenge of fungicide resistance in the region in more detail, it then focuses on fungicide resistance issues affecting wheat production in Canada, looking at the molecular basis of fungicide insensitivity, testing for fungicide insensitivity, exploiting fitness costs and regulatory issues.